Fluorescent lamps
are low-pressure discharge lamps that operate on the following principle: After ignition,
mercury vapour in the glass tube is converted by the phosphors on the inside of the glass tube into visible light,
in a light colour that depends on the phosphors used. A control gear ensures that the correct luminous flux is
emitted.
The phosphors used are fully annealed inert substances that pose no risk to health even if they are released as a
result of a lamp breakage.
When the lamps are in a cold state, in other words at room temperature, mercury (5 mg, depending on the lamp
type) is generally present in the form of small metallic droplets in the discharge vessel (bulb). When the lamp is
switched on, the mercury vaporizes as the temperature of the bulb rises, and the mercury vapor needed for the
discharge fills the entire bulb. Lamps put on the EU market are in compliance with Directive 2002/95/EC RoHS.
Handling information for broken lamps
The lamp must be switched off immediately when the bulb ruptures. Measures must be taken to ensure
that the lamp cannot be switched on again in this state. The metal parts in the lamp are live. Before removing the
remains of the lamp, make sure that power is disconnected (risk of fatal electric shock).
To avoid health risks the following procedure is recommended in the event of a lamp rupture:
• Carefully ventilate the room for 20 to 30 minutes
• Remove all the lamp and glass fragments, dispose them of as hazardous waste according to national
legislation
• Once the luminaire has cooled down and certainly before it is used again, all residual mercury must
be thoroughly removed from the inside of the luminaire. To avoid contact with the skin, the use of
disposable gloves is recommended.
Health risks
Mercury is released if the lamp breaks.
Inhaling mercury or mercury compounds in vapour or powder form can lead to health problems. Mercury can
also be absorbed through the skin.
Disposal of used fluorescent lamps
Since fluorescent lamps contain noxious substances (mercury), they have to be disposed of in Europe as hazardous
waste under EWC Code 20 01 21* “Fluorescent tubes and other waste containing mercury“.
Being in the scope of EU Directive 2002/96/EC - WEEE - fluorescent lamps at end of life shall not be disposed of
together with household waste. Within the EU they are taken back free of charge at certain national collection
facilities. More information can be found under www.elcfed.org and your national ELC member partner.